Vitamin B3 (Niacin) | NAD/NADP Precursor | CAS 59-67-6

Product Name: Vitamin B3 (Niacin, Nicotinic Acid)
CAS No.: 59-67-6
Molecular Formula: C₆H₅NO₂
Structure: Pyridine-3-carboxylic acid
Appearance: White crystals or powder
Melting Point: 236–238 °C (with decomposition)
Solubility: Approximately 15 g/L in water at 20 °C; poorly soluble in non-polar solvents
Stability: Stable when dry; sensitive to alkaline pH in solutions

1. Introduction

Niacin (Vitamin B3) is a water-soluble precursor of the coenzymes NAD and NADP, involved in key redox reactions, energy metabolism, and DNA repair. At doses >1 g/day, it is used for hyperlipidemia correction.

Niacin is obtained from food (meat, fish, nuts, grains) or synthesized in the body from tryptophan. Its deficiency manifests as pellagra (dermatitis, diarrhea, dementia, death). Therapeutic doses are used in cardiology to lower cholesterol.

2. Synthesis

Industrial synthesis: oxidation of 3-methylpyridine or ammonia conversion of nicotine followed by oxidative treatment.

3. Properties

• Appearance: White crystals or powder

• Melting Point: 236–238 °C (with decomposition)

• Solubility: Approximately 15 g/L in water at 20 °C; poorly soluble in non-polar solvents

• Stability: Stable when dry; sensitive to alkaline pH in solutions

4. Applications

• Dietetics: Prevention and treatment of pellagra; component of B-complex preparations

• Cardiology: At high doses (1–3 g/day) lowers LDL cholesterol and raises HDL

• Cosmetology: As a prebiotic and component of anti-aging formulations

5. Conclusion

Niacin is a versatile coenzyme vitamin. When prescribing high doses, it is important to monitor liver enzymes and blood glucose due to the risk of hepatotoxicity and hyperglycemia.