Clomid (Clomiphene Citrate) | SERM | CAS 50-41-9

Product Name: Clomid (Clomiphene Citrate)
CAS No.: 50-41-9
Molecular Formula (Clomiphene base): C₂₆H₂₈ClNO
Molecular Formula (Clomiphene citrate): C₃₂H₃₆ClNO₇
Structure: Triphenylethylene carboxamide with chlorine substitution
Appearance: White or almost white powder
Solubility: Insoluble in water; soluble in DMSO and ethanol
Stability: Stable when stored in dry conditions

1. Introduction

Clomid is clomiphene citrate, a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM). It serves as an ovulation stimulant for female infertility and is used in men to increase testosterone levels by blocking estrogens at the pituitary level.

Clomiphene reduces the negative feedback of estrogens on the hypothalamic-pituitary system, increasing gonadotropin (LH, FSH) secretion and stimulating ovulation. It is used in ART programs and for male hypogonadism.

2. Synthesis

Synthesis begins with the condensation of 4-chloro-α-phenylpropiophenone with N,N-diisopropylamine to obtain a mixture of Z- and E-isomers of clomiphene. The citrate salt is then obtained by reaction with citric acid.

3. Properties

• Appearance: White or almost white powder

• Solubility: Insoluble in water; soluble in DMSO and ethanol

• Stability: Stable when stored in dry conditions

4. Applications

• Gynecology: Ovulation induction for anovulatory cycles

• Urology: Testosterone elevation in men with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism

• Sports medicine: Restoration of endogenous testosterone after aromatase inhibitors

5. Conclusion

Clomid remains the "gold standard" for ovulation induction and treatment of hypogonadism in men. Individual dosing and monitoring of hormonal status are important to minimize the risks of multiple pregnancy and side effects.