Ferrous Gluconate | Iron Supplement | CAS 299-29-6

Product Name: Ferrous Gluconate
CAS No.: 299-29-6
Molecular Formula: C₁₂H₂₂FeO₁₄ or [Fe(C₆H₁₁O₇)₂]
Gluconate Anion: HOCH₂–(CHOH)₄–COO⁻
Molar Mass: Approximately 446.1 g/mol
Appearance: Pale green to yellowish-green crystalline powder
Solubility: Approximately 100 g/L in water at 20 °C; poorly soluble in organic solvents
Stability: Stable when dry; decomposes in acidic environments to form Fe²⁺ ions and gluconic acid

1. Introduction

Ferrous gluconate is an organic iron(II) salt of gluconic acid. It is widely used as an oral preparation for the prevention and treatment of iron deficiency anemia due to good tolerability and high bioavailability.

Iron is a component of hemoglobin and many enzymes, providing oxygen transport and cellular metabolic processes. Its deficiency leads to weakness, pale skin, reduced performance, and cognitive decline. The gluconate form is characterized by low irritant effects on the gastrointestinal mucosa.

2. Synthesis

Neutralization of gluconic acid with iron(II) hydroxide or carbonate solution, followed by filtration and crystallization.

3. Properties

• Appearance: Pale green to yellowish-green crystalline powder

• Molar Mass: Approximately 446.1 g/mol

• Solubility: Approximately 100 g/L in water at 20 °C; poorly soluble in organic solvents

• Stability: Stable when dry; decomposes in acidic environments to form Fe²⁺ ions and gluconic acid

4. Applications

• Prevention and treatment of iron deficiency anemia – daily dose of elemental iron 50–100 mg

• Food iron fortification

• Component of combined drug formulations – prior to transfusion therapy

5. Conclusion

Ferrous gluconate is an effective and well-tolerated preparation for correcting iron deficiency. With long-term use, monitoring of hemoglobin and gastrointestinal indicators is recommended.