GABA (Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid) | CAS 56-12-2

Product Name: GABA (γ-Aminobutyric Acid)
CAS No.: 56-12-2
Molecular Formula: C₄H₉NO₂
Structure: Linear chain with amino group at γ-carbon and carboxyl group at α-carbon
Appearance: White crystalline powder
Solubility: Freely soluble in water
Stability: Stable when dry; sensitive to high temperatures and prolonged air exposure

1. Introduction

GABA (Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid) is the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter in the CNS, synthesized from L-glutamate. Oral administration produces anxiolytic, sedative, and hypotensive effects, improving sleep quality and cognitive function. It is used as a supplement in stress management and sleep support.

GABA is produced in neurons by the enzyme glutamate decarboxylase. External intake aims to increase GABAergic signaling to reduce anxiety and improve sleep. The question of blood-brain barrier penetration is actively being researched.

2. Synthesis

Obtained by biosynthetic fermentation or chemical decarboxylation of L-glutamic acid.

3. Properties

• Appearance: White crystalline powder

• Solubility: Freely soluble in water

• Stability: Stable when dry; sensitive to high temperatures and prolonged air exposure

4. Applications

• Nutraceuticals: Stress relief, sleep improvement

• Pharmaceuticals: Adjunctive agent for anxiety and panic disorders

• Sports nutrition: Cortisol reduction, improved recovery

5. Conclusion

GABA is a key inhibitory agent in the CNS with proven anxiolytic and sedative effects. Limitations in efficacy are related to blood-brain barrier permeability. Liposomal and microencapsulated delivery forms are of interest for improving bioavailability.