Pyridoxamine Dihydrochloride (PADC) CAS 524-36-7

Pyridoxamine Dihydrochloride – Vitamin B6 Derivative for Diabetes, Neuroprotection, and Cardiovascular Research

Basic Information

• CAS Number: 524-36-7

• Molecular Formula: C₈H₁₁N₂O₂·2HCl

• Molecular Weight: 241.11 g/mol

• Appearance: White crystalline powder

• Solubility: Soluble in water; slightly soluble in ethanol

• Melting Point: ~215–220°C (decomposes)

• Stability: Stable in solid form; sensitive to strong alkalis and light in solution

• Storage: Store in a cool, dry place, protected from light and moisture.

Overview
Pyridoxamine dihydrochloride (PADC) is a form of vitamin B6 that plays a critical role as a cofactor in amino acid decarboxylation and transamination reactions. Unlike other B6 vitamers, pyridoxamine is uniquely effective at inhibiting the formation of advanced glycation end‑products (AGEs), which are implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetes, neurodegenerative diseases, and cardiovascular disorders. This property makes PADC a valuable compound for both basic research and clinical investigations.

Mechanism of Action

• Cofactor activity: Pyridoxamine is converted to pyridoxal phosphate (PLP), the active coenzyme form of vitamin B6, which participates in over 140 enzymatic reactions involving amino acid metabolism, neurotransmitter synthesis, and heme biosynthesis.

• AGE inhibition: PADC reacts with reactive carbonyl intermediates (such as glyoxal, methylglyoxal, and 3‑deoxyglucosone), forming stable complexes that prevent glycation of proteins and lipids. This reduces the accumulation of AGEs, thereby mitigating oxidative stress and inflammation.

• Antioxidant properties: PADC also exhibits direct free-radical scavenging activity, contributing to its protective effects in various disease models.

Applications

• Diabetes research: Studied for its ability to reduce diabetic complications by lowering AGE formation, preserving β‑cell function, and improving insulin sensitivity.

• Neuroprotection: Investigated in models of Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative conditions due to its anti‑glycation and antioxidant effects.

• Cardiovascular health: Evaluated for its capacity to inhibit glycation of vascular proteins, potentially reducing atherogenesis and endothelial dysfunction.

• Nutraceuticals: Explored as a dietary supplement for metabolic and cognitive support.

• Biochemical research: Used in enzyme kinetics and metabolic studies involving vitamin B6-dependent processes.

Key Benefits

• Inhibits AGE formation, protecting proteins from glycation.

• Supports normal amino acid metabolism and neurotransmitter synthesis.

• Exhibits antioxidant activity, reducing oxidative stress.

• Well‑characterized and stable in solid form.

• Water‑soluble, facilitating formulation and administration.

Handling and Storage

• Store in a cool, dry place, protected from light and moisture.

• Keep containers tightly sealed to prevent degradation.

• Use appropriate personal protective equipment (gloves, safety goggles) when handling.

• Avoid exposure to strong alkalis, which may cause decomposition.

Packaging
Available in various sizes (e.g., 1 g, 5 g, 10 g, 25 g, 100 g, 1 kg). Custom packaging upon request.

Quality Assurance
Each batch is tested for purity (by HPLC), water content, and heavy metals to ensure high quality for research and pharmaceutical applications.