3-O-Ethyl Ascorbic Acid CAS 86404-04-8

3-O-Ethyl-L-ascorbic Acid – Stable Vitamin C Derivative for Cosmetic and Pharmaceutical Applications

Basic Information

• CAS Number: 86404-04-8

• Molecular Formula: C₈H₁₂O₆

• Molecular Weight: 204.18 g/mol

• Synonyms: Ethyl ascorbic acid, 3-O-Ethyl ascorbic acid, EAA

• Appearance: White to slightly yellowish crystalline powder

• Melting Point: ~110–115°C (decomposes)

• Solubility: Soluble in water, ethanol, and glycerin; poorly soluble in non‑polar solvents

• Storage: Store in tightly sealed containers, protected from light and moisture, at 5–25°C

Overview
3-O-Ethyl-L-ascorbic acid is a semi‑synthetic derivative of vitamin C (L‑ascorbic acid) in which the hydroxyl group at the 3‑position is replaced by an ethyl group. This modification significantly enhances the molecule's stability in aqueous and oil‑based formulations while preserving its biological activity. The ethyl group also improves skin penetration and bioavailability. This compound is widely used in cosmetic and pharmaceutical formulations for its antioxidant, brightening, and collagen‑stimulating properties.

Mechanism of Action

• Antioxidant activity: Scavenges free radicals and protects cells from oxidative stress.

• Collagen synthesis: Stimulates collagen production, improving skin firmness and elasticity.

• Melanin inhibition: Reduces tyrosinase activity, decreasing melanin production and lightening hyperpigmentation.

• Stability: Resists oxidation better than pure L‑ascorbic acid, maintaining efficacy over longer periods.

Applications

• Cosmetics and skincare: Used in serums, creams, lotions, and masks for anti‑aging, brightening, and pigmentation correction.

• Pharmaceuticals: Incorporated into vitamin formulations and topical preparations as a stable source of vitamin C.

• Research: Employed as a model antioxidant in stability and delivery studies.

Key Benefits

• Enhanced stability – resistant to oxidation and degradation.

• Improved bioavailability – better skin penetration than pure vitamin C.

• Brightens skin and reduces hyperpigmentation.

• Stimulates collagen synthesis for firmer, smoother skin.

• Suitable for sensitive skin types.

• Compatible with a wide range of cosmetic ingredients.

Safety and Handling

• Generally non‑irritating at recommended concentrations (0.5–5%).

• May cause mild irritation at high concentrations; patch testing recommended.

• Store in a cool, dry place, protected from light and moisture.

• Use appropriate personal protective equipment (gloves, safety goggles) when handling.

• Shelf life: typically 24 months under recommended conditions.

Quality Assurance
Each batch is tested for purity (by HPLC), melting point, and heavy metal content to ensure consistent quality.