Dodecyl Dimethyl Benzyl Ammonium Chloride (DDBAC) CAS 139-07-1

Dodecyl Dimethyl Benzyl Ammonium Chloride (DDBAC) – Quaternary Ammonium Disinfectant and Surfactant

Basic Information

• CAS Number: 139-07-1

• Molecular Formula: C₂₁H₃₈ClN

• Molecular Weight: ~340.0 g/mol

• Synonyms: Lauryldimethylbenzylammonium chloride, Benzalkonium chloride (C12 homologue)

• Appearance: Colorless to pale yellow liquid (aqueous solution) or waxy solid (pure)

• Solubility: Highly soluble in water and alcohols; poorly soluble in non‑polar solvents

• Storage: Store in tightly sealed containers at room temperature, protected from moisture and light

• Stability: Stable at pH 4–10; prolonged heating may cause partial decomposition

Overview
Dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride (DDBAC) is a well‑established cationic quaternary ammonium compound belonging to the benzalkonium chloride family. It is characterized by its strong antimicrobial activity against a wide spectrum of bacteria, fungi, and some viruses. Its amphiphilic structure provides both surfactant properties (wetting, emulsification, and detergency) and biocidal action, making it a versatile ingredient in disinfectants, cleaners, preservatives, and personal care products.

Mechanism of Action
DDBAC disrupts microbial cell membranes through electrostatic interaction with negatively charged phospholipid bilayers, leading to leakage of intracellular components and cell lysis. It also denatures proteins and enzymes, contributing to its rapid bactericidal, fungicidal, and virucidal effects.

Applications

• Disinfectants and sanitizers: Used in surface cleaners, hand sanitizers, and medical disinfectants for healthcare, veterinary, and household applications.

• Household cleaners: Incorporated into all‑purpose cleaning formulations, floor cleaners, and bathroom products.

• Pharmaceuticals: Used as a preservative and antimicrobial agent in ophthalmic solutions, topical ointments, and antiseptic formulations.

• Cosmetics: Added as a preservative and conditioning agent in shampoos, conditioners, and skin care products at low concentrations.

• Industrial: Applied as a biocide in water treatment, textile processing, and paper manufacturing.

• Agriculture: Used in disinfectants for animal housing and crop protection.

Key Benefits

• Broad‑spectrum antimicrobial efficacy.

• Effective at low concentrations (0.01–0.5%).

• Good water solubility and compatibility with other cationic and non‑ionic surfactants.

• Stable and long shelf life under recommended storage conditions.

• Cost‑effective and versatile.

Safety and Handling

• May cause mild skin and eye irritation at high concentrations; use appropriate personal protective equipment (gloves, safety goggles) when handling.

• Incompatible with anionic surfactants – forms precipitates.

• Avoid contact with strong oxidizers and acids.

• Store in a cool, dry place, away from direct sunlight.

• Shelf life: typically 24 months under recommended storage conditions.

Quality Assurance
Each batch is tested for active content, pH, and antimicrobial efficacy to ensure consistent quality.