Triisobutylaluminium (TIBA) - CAS 100-99-2

Triisobutylaluminium (TIBA, CAS 100-99-2): Overview

1. General Characteristics

Triisobutylaluminium (TIBA) is an organoaluminium compound with the formula Al(C₄H₉)₃. It exhibits exceptionally high reactivity and instability in moist and air-containing environments.

2. Properties

CAS: 100-99-2

Molecular formula: Al(C₄H₉)₃

Appearance: Colorless or slightly yellowish liquid

Odor: Atypical, possible faint hydrocarbon note, but usually not detectable due to pyrophoricity

Density: ~0.80 g/cm³ (at 20°C)

Boiling point: Partial decomposition at T >125–130°C

Melting point: ~ –95°C

Flash point: Pyrophoric, capable of spontaneous ignition upon contact with air

Solubility: Insoluble in water (immediate hydrolysis reaction); readily soluble in hydrocarbons (hexane, toluene)

Decomposition: Actively decomposes with water and even moist air, releasing hydrogen; may form solid aluminium oxides

Storage conditions: Strictly under inert conditions (under nitrogen or argon), in sealed metal containers

Stability: Loses stability upon contact with air and moisture

3. Applications

Ziegler-Natta catalyst: Key co-initiator in the polymerization of ethylene and propylene.

Organic synthesis: Alkylating agent, reducing agent for certain functional groups.

Metallurgy: Used as a reducing agent in certain processes.

4. Hazards and Safety Precautions

Pyrophoricity: Spontaneously ignites in air, requiring work in glove boxes with inert atmosphere.

Chemical aggressiveness: Contact with skin causes severe burns; eye contact leads to severe tissue damage.

Toxicity: Vapors and combustion products are hazardous to the respiratory tract; respiratory protection is required.

5. Conclusion

Triisobutylaluminium (TIBA) is an essential component in industrial polymerization, serving as a catalyst or co-initiator. However, its use requires strict safety measures due to its pyrophoric properties and risk of chemical burns.