Sodium Laureth Sulfate (SLES) – Anionic Surfactant

Sodium Dodecyl Ether Sulfate (SLES): Properties

Sodium dodecyl ether sulfate (SLES) is a versatile anionic surfactant with high cleansing and emulsifying power. Thanks to its mild action on the skin and pronounced foaming properties, SLES is widely used in shampoos, foams, gels, and various industrial formulations.

1. General Overview

SLES belongs to the group of ethoxylated sulfates, synthesized by ethoxylation of fatty alcohol followed by sulfation. This process gives the substance mildness and versatility.

2. Detailed Characteristics

Synonyms: Sodium Laureth Sulfate, AES.

Chemical nature: Ethoxylated alkyl chains, sulfated moiety, Na⁺ ion.

Molecular weight: Depends on the degree of ethoxylation (typically 376–422 g/mol for n=2–3).

Boiling point: No exact point as it is a mixture of homologs; decomposes above 200°C.

Solubility: Readily soluble in water; limited in non-polar solvents.

3. Applications

Cosmetology: Primary cleansing and foaming component in hygiene products.

Textile industry: Used for washing and preparing fibers.

Chemical production: Emulsifier in many technological processes.

4. Impact on Humans and the Environment

Safe at normal concentrations; may cause irritation at elevated levels in formulations. Biodegradable under microbial action; low toxicity when used correctly.

5. Storage Conditions

Airtight packaging, protected from moisture and sharp temperature changes. Recommended range: 5–30°C; avoid direct heating.